Procedure Text

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PROCEDURE TEXT

Soderi

Kali ini kita akan membahas tentang salah satu jenis teks yang harus dipahami oleh pembelajar bahasa Inggris di Indonesia, yaitu teks prosedur. Sudahkah Anda mempelajari jenis teks ini di sekolah? Saya yakin sebagian besar siswa yang menyukai pelajaran bahasa Inggris telah akrab dengan teks semacam ini, bukan?

Sebelum saya menjelaskan tentang teks ini, saya ingin bertanya kepada Anda, Apakah Anda suka memasak? Memasak adalah hal yang biasa kita lakukan setiap hari, terutama bagi kaum wanita. Memasak bisa menjadi kegiatan yang menyenangkan jika kita menyukainya namun ada sebagian orang yang malas memasak atau bahkan takut karena tidak bisa membuat makanan yang enak. Untuk membantu mereka, orang yang tidak bisa memasak dapat melihat resep. Resep sangat membantu. Ketika kita ingin membuat makanan yang enak, kita membutuhkan resep karena ada langkah-langkah yang bisa mengarahkan kita untuk membuatnya. Resep adalah contoh teks prosedur.

Contoh lain adalah buku instruksi / manual. Ketika Anda membeli TV baru atau ponsel baru, pasti ada buku instruksi / manual di dalam kotak. Buku instruksi juga merupakan salah satu contoh teks prosedur. Saat ingin mendownload sesuatu dari internet, ada langkah-langkah sebelum kita melakukannya. Langkah-langkah tersebut juga merupakan teks prosedur. Lalu, apa sebenarnya teks prosedur itu?

Procedure text adalah teks yang menjelaskan atau membantu kita bagaimana membuat atau menggunakan sesuatu. Fungsi sosialnya adalah untuk menggambarkan bagaimana sesuatu dilakukan sepenuhnya melalui urutan langkah-langkah. Tujuan komunikatif dari teks ini adalah untuk menggambarkan bagaimana sesuatu dibuat melalui urutan tindakan atau langkah.

Definisi Teks Prosedur

Ada tiga definisi tentang teks prosedur:

  1. Teks yang menjelaskan bagaimana sesuatu bekerja atau bagaimana menggunakan instruksi / manual operasi misalnya cara menggunakan video, komputer, tape recorder, mesin fotokopi, fax.
  2. Teks yang menginstruksikan bagaimana melakukan aktivitas tertentu mis. resep, aturan permainan, eksperimen sains, aturan keselamatan jalan.
  3. Teks yang berhubungan dengan perilaku manusia, misalnya bagaimana hidup bahagia, bagaimana sukses.

Struktur Teks (Generic Structure of Procedure Text)

  • Goal                                              : (e.g : How to make spaghetti)
  • Material or Ingredient              : (e.g : the material to cook omelette are egg, onion, vegetable oil, etc. )
  • Step                                              : (e.g : first, wash the tomatoes, …., second cut the onions becomes slice)

Ada tiga struktur generik dalam teks prosedur. Yang pertama adalah tujuan (goals or purposes). Yang kedua adalah bahan atau alat (materials or tools or ingredients). Yang ketiga dan terakhir adalah langkah atau metode (Steps/methods). Untuk mengetahui teks yang kita baca adalah prosedur atau tidak sangat sederhana. Anda bisa membaca judulnya. Jika judul diawali dengan ‘how to make…‘ atau ‘how to use…‘ dapat dipastikan bahwa teks tersebut adalah teks prosedur.

Teks prosedure memberitahu kita bagaimana sesuatu harus dilakukan. Ia membimbing kita, langkah demi langkah dan dalam urutan yang benar, sehingga kita dapat mencapai tujuan kita.

Anda memerlukan petunjuk jika Anda ingin membuat kue atau memasak makanan. Kami menyebut instruksi untuk memanggang atau memasak sesuatu sebagai resep.

Anda juga memerlukan instruksi jika Anda ingin bermain game. Instruksi akan membantu semua orang mengetahui apa yang harus dilakukan.

Jika Anda ingin membuat sesuatu, seperti pagar di taman Anda, Anda memerlukan instruksi.

Cara Menulis Teks Prosedure

  • Mulailah dengan menulis judul.
  • Judul dibuat agar semua orang tahu tentang teks prosedure Anda.
  • Misalnya, jika Anda menulis teks prosedure tentang cara membuat kue ulang tahun, judulnya adalah ‘How to Bake a Birthday Cake’.
  • Selanjutnya, tuliskan daftar hal-hal yang Anda butuhkan. Saat Anda memanggang kue, hal-hal yang Anda butuhkan disebut bahan atau materials / ingredients.
  • Saat Anda menuliskan teks prosedure, Anda biasanya memberi nomor 1, 2, 3 dan seterusnya.

Bossy verbs

Kalian bisa menggunakan bossy verbs untuk memulai kalimat. Bossy verbs menjelaskan cara sesuatu dilakukan misalnya:

1FryGorenglah
2PeelKupaslah
3CutPotonglah
4SliceIrislah
5PourTuangkanlah
6GrateParutlah
7PutTaruhlah
  • measure the flour (Takarlah tepung)
  • mix the two eggs (Aduk/campur dua buah telur) 
  • add the eggs to the flour (Tambahkan telur ke dalam tepung)

Time connectives

Anda dapat menambahkan time connectives pada teks prosedure.

Time connectives misalnya first, then, next dan finally.

Kata-kata ini membantu untuk menghubungkan instruksi dan memberitahu pembaca kapan harus melakukan sesuatu.

Sebagai contoh:

  1. First measure the flour.
  2. Next mix the two eggs.
  3. Now add the eggs to the flour.

Contoh Text

How to Make Fried Banana

INGREDIENTS:
4 small banana (make sure that the banana is sweet)

1 egg

1 tsp. sugar

6 tbs. flour

water

a pinch of salt

vegetable oil for deep frying

STEPS:

  1. Put flour in a bowl.
  2. Add egg, sugar and salt.
  3. Pour water little by little.
  4. Beat until batter is smooth.
  5. Peel banana.
  6. Cut bananas in half lengthwise.
  7. Dip bananas into batter.
  8. Fry bananas until golden brown and crispy.
  9. Remove bananas from oil.
  10. Drain bananas on paper napkins and dry well.
  11. Serve bananas while still warm.

Closing

Anda dapat mengakhiri tulisan teks prosedure Anda dengan mengatakan, ‘Now, enjoy your cake.’

Jika teks prosedure Anda berisi tentang cara memperbaiki mainan, Anda bisa mengatakan, ‘Finally, you have repaired your toy.’

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